Your annual OB-GYN visit is both a routine exam and an important opportunity to stay proactive health. One of the most important aspects of these annual visits is staying up to date on recommended cervical cancer screenings, including Pap and HPV tests.
Pap tests and HPV tests are essential tools in preventing cervical cancer, yet many patients are unsure how these screenings differ or when each one is needed. Understanding the purpose of both tests and how they work together can help patients feel more confident, informed and prepared for their care.
What is a Pap and HPV test and are they necessary
A Pap test checks for cervical cancer which is the only gynecological cancer that can be detected with a screening test. Thankfully, when found early, the disease is highly treatable and is associated with a long survival rate and strong quality of life. However, despite this, half of individuals who are diagnosed were not screened as recommended.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause of cervical cancer by a large majority. An HPV test, as the name suggests, takes a sample of cervical or vaginal cells to check if the patient has the infection.
How often is a Pap test or HPV test needed?
Most people don’t have to worry about cervical cancer screening until they’re 21 years old. Starting at that age, Pap testing is done every three years until age 29, then Pap and HPV are tested together every five years starting at age 30.
However, even if a Pap test isn’t due, annual OB-GYN visits are still recommended. It’s an excellent opportunity for patients to learn more about minimizing health risks, ask questions and bring general concerns to the doctor.
What to expect during a cervical cancer screening
Both Pap tests and HPV tests are simple examinations that usually only take a few minutes. The screening will be performed in a private room.
Before the doctor performs the Pap test and/or HPV test, they will likely perform a pelvic exam. You will lie back on the exam table where the doctor will check for unusual growths, masses, or anything else abnormal in the vagina, cervix or uterus.
After the pelvic exam, the doctor will insert an instrument, known as a speculum, into the vagina to help see the cervix. A few cervical cells are then taken from the surface and slightly inside the cervix with a swab which will then be sent to a lab for analysis.
Learn more about the importance of an annual OBGYN visit and what to expect by visiting loyolamedicine.org/womenshealth.
Living Healthy With Loyola Medicine
Living Healthy With Loyola Medicine
