The 5-foot-10, 200-pound Whyte averaged 6.5 yards per carry and scored eight times last season at Florida Atlantic. He managed 5.9 yards per carry over three collegiate seasons.
The Bears also selected Iowa State running back David Montgomery in Friday's third round, trading up to the 73rd overall pick. The team also drafted Georgia receiver Riley Ridley and Kansas State cornerback Duke Shelley.
Chicago has one remaining draft slot, selecting 238th overall in the seventh round.